Module 9. visualization systems in R

 








  • How does the syntax and workflow differ between base, lattice, and ggplot2? Base R graphics follow a “build-as-you-go” approach, where you start with a simple plot and add elements like lines or text step by step. Lattice graphics use a formula interface and require you to specify everything in one function call, producing multi-panel (conditioned) plots automatically but with less post-hoc flexibility. In contrast, ggplot2 uses the “grammar of graphics,” layering data, aesthetics, and geoms with a clear and consistent syntax.
  • Which system gave you the most control or produced the most “publication‑quality” output with minimal code? ggplot2 produced the most publication-quality visuals with the least effort. Its default styling is clean and modern, legends are automatically generated, and themes allow easy customization for consistent, professional output. It also provided more outlook on the data as a whole, compared to the other systems. 
  • Any challenges or surprises you encountered when switching between systems. Lattice’s conditioning syntax (|) and the need to declare groups ahead of time was initially confusing. Overall, adjusting to ggplot2’s layered logic took a bit of learning, but it quickly became the most efficient system.

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